Asian American Heritage Language Education in U.S Research Paper

Asian American Heritage Language Education in U.S - Research Paper ExampleUntil recently, negative views about the reputation and social discipline of bilingual children have been frequently expressed. Bilingualism was long associated with and even said to cause, mental confusion, individualism and emotional problems, social attachment deficits, loyalty conflicts and poor self-esteem and self-concept (Sung & Padilla, 1998). However, it is take in that most people in the world have some sort of facility in more than one language and, as widely informed, it is monolingualism that is an aberration, an affliction of the powerful, and a disease to be cured.Until the late 1970s, a majority of authors presented a negative, discriminatory view about bilingual personalities. Bilingual children were described as having split minds, being neither present nor there, marginal people. Subsequent research has demonstrated that in any case, bicultural or bilingual individuals suffer prejudicia l effect on personality bilingualism is not likely to be the cause. Rather, the social, scotch and political conditions surrounding the development of bilingualism generate the problems.In America, where English is considered the dominant language, it would make sense to learn everyone English only. However, would this be the right fall of action given that this would contribute to the extinction of heritage languages and cultures? In the late twentieth century, United States had enacted the English-Only statement among conquered peoples and minority groups on the margins of national life.... Subsequent research has demonstrated that in any case bicultural or bilingual individuals suffer detrimental effect on personality bilingualism is not likely to be the cause. Rather, the social, economic and political conditions surrounding the development of bilingualism generate the problems (Park, 2007). In America, where English is considered the dominant language, it would make sense t o teach everyone English only. However, would this be the right course of action given that this would contribute to the extinction of heritage languages and cultures? This drumhead is best addressed by looking at the nations history. In the late 20th century, United States had enacted the English-Only pedagogy among conquered peoples and minority groups on the margins of national life (Blanton, 2006). The first region to be impact was Puerto Rico, and was considered the most significant pedagogical laboratory for language learning. English was made the primary language of direction for all the subjects shortly after the American occupation in 1898. This was in place of Spanish-English bilingual upbringing (Blanton, 2006). While English-Only pedagogy was the dominant instructional approach for teaching non-English speaking children between 1900 and 1930, it demonstrated an unmeasurable track record. Children in English only classrooms were simply not expected to thrive education ally. Educators made it clear that spoken English was the only objective it took precedence over such other subjects as reading, mathematics, and experience (Sung & Padilla, 1998). In assessing the approach, it was concluded that English-Only pedagogy institutionalized and rationalized academic failure (Blanton, 2006). The most publicized

Security project planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Security project planning - interrogation Paper Exampleel in order to analyze the training security plan as well as its existing situation of the information security attempts with respect to a number of stages presented in the bull eye model. Basically, the bull eye model allows project teams especially the project planners to find appear the status of their progress with respect to their information security efforts. It tells them in which areas they deal to pay more upkeep and expand their information security efforts and potential. Additionally, the bull eye model depends on a process of find out the project plans in a series in the context of four layers, which include policies, networks, systems, and applications. These layers are illustrated in figure1. The figure1 shows how these layers are connected with each other (CQUniversity, 2009 Joshi, 2013).Systems This layer deals with all kinds of systems that can be used by the people. In this scenario, these systems can comp rise computers used as servers, systems employed for process control and manufacturing systems and desktop computers.In addition, the bulls eye model can be utilized to assess the series of actions that need to be performed to put together elements of the information security plan into a project plan. There is a close relationship between all the layers and these layers can be associated with each other in the next ways (CQUniversity, 2009 Joshi, 2013)Until an organization does not develop, communicate and implement an effective and useable information technology and information security insurance, it should not spend further resources on additional controls.Once it is ensured that there is an effective policy is prepared, systems are safe, networks are secure, an organization should pay attention to the evaluation and cure of the security of the firms applications installed on systems (CQUniversity, 2009 Joshi,

The concept of peak oil has been devised to reflect scarcity Essay

The concept of peak crude has been devised to study scarcity associated with anele supplies. But surely the price of oil would be a more cost-efficient indication of its scarcity - Essay ExampleIn contrast to the peak oil concept, global oil production showed a decline from its peak point at 74 mb/d in 2005 however, after a short decline the figures rebounded, and in 2011 there were higher production of oil than 2005 (US get-up-and-go information and administration, 2011). Peak oil is ascertained by taking into account extraction rates from from each one oil well, the predicted oil reserves, and total extraction rate of an oil field comprising of associated oil wells (Berdell, 2011). here the core contentious issue is that the concept of peak oil, which had been devised to reflect oil scarcity, is an ambiguous index of scarcity. Instead, many economists content that oil prices prove to be a more efficient indication of the scarcity of oil. diverse experts contend that oil sc arcity is dependent on the rate of consumption, where constraints placed on supply incline are based on product demands. James L. Smith in his research papers, using benchmark scenario, high growth scenario and low growth scenario graphs, proved that peak timing is inconsistent as an indicator of oil scarcity (2011, pp. 8-13). Observations revealed that during 2007-08 economic crisis, despite oil supplies not increasing, there was loosening in the oil scarcity factor, owing to low demand. The equation for supply-demand graph can be plotted effectively by dint of the factor of pricing, hence making oil prices a better indicator for its scarcity.Natural oil does not have any uniform or any standardised bore, and tends to vary significantly, which range from medium quality oil, to oil with high API gravity (high quality) from Saudi Arabian field, to low API gravity (poor quality) heavy oil from palm in South America and Canada. Despite reports of fall in high quality oil levels, a s far as supply of heavy oil is concerned, there is no scarcity, and many oil fields in deep-water areas remain unexplored (Stier, 2008). The Saudi Arabian high API oils are relatively roaring to extract and oil

Hildren with emotional and behavioural disorders Essay

Hildren with emotional and behavioural disorders - Essay idealThe students with severe and profound mental disability, autism and interwoven needs ar offered to follow the Frame Educational computer programme for Special Needs Education tailored to meet their needs and built up on the principles of the national programme for compulsory didactics and reflecting the students additional needs http//www.european-agency.org/nat_ovs/czech/9.htmlSEN students need special provisions and different support system according to their individual needs, like speech therapy, additional teaching staff, psychological counselling, special pedagogical support, more hours, sign language or more material visual, audio or any other kind of compensatory assistance. Through Acts of Legislation, Governments of advanced countries have empowered themselves to open exclusive schools for SEN students and at the said(prenominal) time, have also taken meaningful steps towards integration and inclusion o f these students into the mainstream. Special need education within the Education System has been given careful attention in most of the countries today.Looked at in this way, inclusion, understood as a movement for educating learners with special educational needs in mainstream schools and classes, is a resolve that emphasizes the commonality pole of the dilemma. It focuses on learners who are different in ways that have the most obvious educational significance, and argues for their right to be educated alongside their peers, within a common institution and, frequently, within a common curriculum Mitchell (2005). Please put page number here I dont have the book. Schools are wary of accepting these students, due to their low attainment, and additional responsibility. Schools are also worried about the special demands on teachers, peer group, emotional upheavals for normal children and the possibilities of SEN students being ragged by other able-bodied children, and this so, in sp ite of inclusion and integration. All learners are the same in their essential human characteristics, in the rights and entitlements which are ascribed to them and in their participation within some more-or-less loosely defined process of education Dyson, Alan, (March 2001). British journal of Special Education, Volume 28, No. 1, p.25.In Dyson (2001), we come across various methods of inclusions that could be obligeable and gainsay and the most important are one-track, dual-tracks and multi-tracks. Almost all the countries that are tuned to inclusion are trying to adapt one system or other and sometimes both according their needs. As an explanation, it could be told that one-track path serving all students in one system, under the same curriculum, same classes without marginalising the SEN people and treating them as couple and similar to other students. Psychologists feel that this would provide permanent bonding and friendship with normal children and the inferiority complex wo uld disappear, as they feel accepted. It also provides challenge, appreciation and hope for future. Theoretically, this is the best method in which SEN people do not feel segregated. But the practical challenges facing could be different from the best theory and children with problems energy not be able to cope with the pressures and trials of rigorous education. Under such circumstances Dual-Track education could help, by way of

Te Uku - wind farm project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Te Uku - wind advance project - Essay ExampleNetworks that constructed the 33kV transmission line with a length of 25 kilometers in order to distribute electricity generated by the 28 wind turbines of the wind call down. Overall, the wind farm has a capacity of 64.4 MW coming from 28 turbines, with an average of 2.3MW of power from each turbine (Discover Te Uku, 2014).The Te Uku uprise Farm project in Waikato is very efficient in terms of energy production in supplying the area which it is supposed to supply with electrical power. Moreover, when it comes to sustainability, the assessment of environmental effects shows that the wind farm has mostly a neutral relationship with its surrounding flora, fauna and earth. However, in terms of its earthworks, the Te Uku divagate Farm project in some way falls short of some of the requirements of the RMA. Nevertheless, the companys continued organism proves otherwise. Lastly, the economic value of the wind farm is that it has somehow prov ided so many jobs to workers.The Resource Management Act, or RMA, is the specific national policy or the aspect of the law that explains the laws that govern the establishment, maintenance and operations of trusted projects, firms and infrastructures in New Zealand. Specifically, when it comes to the operation of wind turbines, wind farms do not actually qualify as rural industries because the term rural industries excludes the generation of electricity (Resource Management Act, 2007). Therefore, wind farms are known as a Discretionary Activity and may not comply with some of the standards of Permitted Activity as qualify by the law (Resource Management Act, 2007). Nevertheless, the continuous operation of the Te Uku Wind Farm up to this twenty-four hours implies that its requirements as a discretionary activity have been complied with.The earthworks plans for the project have also been considered questionable by virtue of the provisions of the Resource Management Act, but the fa ct that the wind farm operates until now somehow

Victoria's International expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Victorias International working out - probe ExampleVictorias secret was established in San Francisco during 1970s by Roy Raymond. The localize of the faithful was to provide women brands and be the highest producer in US. They were to produce different types of women brands and which were new in the merchandise. For any go with to sustain its customer in the market it has to set goal and be able to compete with its rivals and to project on how the troupe will be doing in the upcoming years (Goldman, 1999). For example, being the largest American retailer of lingerie, Victorias secrets competes with other companies to be the world distributors of women shop including brands such as bras, panties, sleepwear, clothing and app arl among others. Victorias secrets like any other lodge receives stiff competition from a company know as Gap which normally provides the aforementioned(prenominal) products at a decline price. This paper aims at chthonictaking an Internal Analysis of Victorias Secret foreign expansion like in China, designing products for particular(prenominal) markets, manufacturing and advertisement. Additionally, the paper will discuss manufacture of the products and advertisements of the products Victorias secrets, a firm operating under monopolistic economic model, are faced with stiff competition from foreign expansions. ... In addition, China has the mo largest economy after US. As A result, households enjoy high income thus enhancing their purchasing power wind to increased sales for Victorias secrets. Product design for specific markets Victorias secrets aim at designing its brands in such a way that the needs of its specific markets are met. For example, in China market where lingerie are on high demand, Victorias secretes will pretend Chinese marketers and designers so as to come with a brand that is acceptable in China market. The company increases its sales by producing attractive design that makes the female customers to have a feeling of red rug treatment. Manufacturing and advertisement Victorias secrets manufactures high quality brands to be used in foreign expansion like in China and makes sure that advertisement is done effectively to make sure that the brands are acceptable in the market. Similarly, since by keeping its prices competitive than its rival, Victorias secrets targets upper class and oculus class customers, the lower class customers are in most cases forced to go to Gap which offers the same products at a throw away prices. Key competitors that have emerged in the foreign immerged includes Maxx, Marshalls and Homegoods. TJ Maxx and Marshalls are huge competitors since they provide lingerie at discount prices for the middle and lower class (Monget, 2011). This has made the market to be more competitive and each company has to look the way forward to outdo their rivals. The strategy which Victorias company adopts is the introduction of new styles in the market and ideas that kept their products easily identifiable by the customers. Additionally, the company designs are attractive in the eyes of the customers. In

Quantitative Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quantitative Techniques - Essay ExampleThe social and economical scenario is in the constant process of undergoing change and is influenced by a number of external factors. As such, in that respect ar numerous controllable and uncontrollable parameters that todays decision makers need to take distribute of in order to prepare a careful course that can navigate through each(prenominal) idenfied obstacles. If adopted, qualititative, well-structured and a well-planned commerce forecasting effort can yield the desired results. As such, apart from touch sensation the need to forecast, it is also very important to plan the forecasting process with great precision (John E. Hanke, Arthur G. Reitsch, 1989).The develop in the growth and use of computing power to perform calculations has gained immense popularity among users. As such, with a hefty forecasting plan, one can easily perform the required analysis in a improvident time. Forecasting is used to identify a number of patterns that are deemed important to a companys interests. It could include attributes such as the performance of stocks over a time period, pattern of sales, prices of essential in the altogether materials, employee satisfaction surveys etc. a company can immensely benefit from business forecasting as these enable it to analyze its performance across various(a) domains and also helps it compare itself amongst other competitors in the market. It enables the company to identify the segments that are not performing according to expectations and paves the way for adopting suitable solutions to overcome them. As the preservation is dynamic in nature, there is an ncreasing need to prepare the future map in advance, which emphasizes the need for business forecasting.In the recent years, business forecasting has adopted an extensive scientific flavor that includes the fusion of various business theories and techniques to forecast specific types of data. It can involve procedures as simple as s preadsheets to massive database networks that are performing trillions of

Business - Labor Shortage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

stock - Labor Shortage - Essay ExampleAlso, as the global economy improves, talent shortage testament be further more evident. Job descriptions keep back become more complicated and are accordingly out of reach of the vast majority smell for trading. Jobs have extensively evolved and are not as simple as they were in the past, what with now requiring more skills to man a particular position compared to before. This is a case of having a job assume, there is a workforce supply exclusively it simply isnt what the demand is smell for. This disparity created from such causes unemployment not only on particularly countries but quite a globally, and it also affects the global economy in its entirety. There are also uncontrollable factors that affect the employment in relation to the line of work and how it is fairing in the economy, especially during recessions where the economy is volatile and unpredictable. A sizeable composition of the unemployed is from the fresh graduates, with statistics saying that 89% of students with new bachelors degree cannot true(p) a job (Carnevale et al., 2012). A college degree does not guarantee a secure job these days. Companies demand that the people they hire have significant experience and are not only knowledgeable but also possess intangibles such as correct critical thinking abilities and creativity. I confess myself as lacking in experience in order to play in the global field of rivalry and economy. Also, having the critical skills in problem solving cannot be verified and certified by a hang on of paper, but it should be proven by experience. In order to alleviate such dilemma, it is only a rational decision to further develop ones talent and skills in order to attain job tribute (Schneider, 2011). Choosing the right course also significantly increases employment. By acquiring an EMBA degree, one achieves an assurance that the knowledge gained in such degree depart never become obsolete or unnecessary since it is deemed as the eventual(prenominal) business credential (Davies & Cline, 2005). Such degree holders are always specially sought by companies. If we describe the same train of thought of the common wisdom of corporations, by acquiring this EMBA degree, I further myself from the others looking for employment because with such I am being equipped with the ability and knowledge on how to provide more productivity and innovation. By completing this program, companies that I apply into are assured that they are looking at a prospect who has in depth knowledge in the economy and business aspects. sequence experience could still remain an issue, it could easily be overshadowed by the potential that is promised by a individual who finished an EMBA degree. In order to finish such, one would and should be able to think critically and give birth in depth analysis on scenarios and situations and make good and educated procedures in order to influence problems. This degree will also he lp me be globally savvy regarding economics and marketing, which is a inflorescence asset in this age of globalized trade and commerce. Not to mention the entrepreneurial skills that I shall have honed that will help me implement and think of creative and innovative ideas, and also the international network shall I shall have developed. Although there is really no clear blueprint to follow in order to have good employment, it never hurts your chances to further develop

Analyse the Ofsted report in light of what you have observed to be Essay

Analyse the Ofsted report in light of what you realise observed to be current practice in your school - Essay Examplein both GCE and GCSE, challenges faced in the implementation of the project and the recommendations made to the national curriculum developers as well as the individual schools. Key to note is that pupils refer to years 1- 6 while students refer to people in petty(a) schools.A case study of 167 secondary, primary and special schools has been adopted for this Ofsted report in a span of 3 years in 2008 to 2011. Also the use of computing instruction files is both a specialty and across the wider school curriculum. The report reflects issues arising from the application of ICT in schools namely curriculum and qualifications of Key submit 4 and 6, staff professionalism where ICT is concerned, e- safety, application of virtual learning environments, resource availability and dumbfoundting best cherish of the ICT application (Taylor 2001). Among the schools highlighted I CT was better adopted in primary schools as compared to their secondary counterparts with two thirds of the primary schools present outstanding progress compared to one third of the secondary schools (Mohanty 2006). Other challenges are that few students advancing to secondary school had the basic ICT knowledge to engage in ICT business later, inadequate or complete insufficiency of ICT infrastructure such as computer, laptops and teachers tired with the workload of students.Schools adopting ICT were seen to have a comparative advantage everywhere their counterparts which do not among the Key Level 4 and 6 pupils considered, it was evident that it increased their creativity levels with many embracing and arranging music using computers through the virtual learning environment (Mohanty 2006). Slow learners were seen to get fluent with use of computers almost as fast as the fast learners. Children with autism and Downs syndrome responded dramatically well to ICT application files where the respective schools made specific modifications on the program to handle their learning consider (Meadows 2000). A positive response

Dust bowl Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dust stadium - Research Paper ExampleHenderson, a member of an affected farming family, describes the course of studys before the storms came as a golden age ( 2001, page 15) In the 1930s though things changed dramatically. It became a period of tight rainfall and high winds, both of which passed over the very light, over worked, blots of the region. The storms began in 1931. In 1932, as set forth by Ganzel (2003) 14 storms were recorded, and each year the number increased. farmers however continued to plough and sow, destroying the established grassland. The drought which lasted from 1934 to 1937, affected 27 states according to Nelson (undated) and in the Dustbowl area poor farming practice meant that there were no longer plants whose roots had held the soil together. Black blizzards ensued, especially from the north. This was when the strong winds lifted the light, loose top soil and swirled it around into dense, choking dust clouds. In some area the dust was so dense it ac ted more(prenominal) like snow, forming high drifts, and even completely covering some farm buildings. The winds were so strong at times that they could move heavy trucks ( Hankel, quoted by Ganzel, 2003) with winds of more than degree centigrade miles per hour. The cattle were choked, and even preparing or eating a meal became almost impossible. Carlson (( quoted by Ganzel , 2003) said that - The impact is like a shovelful of amercement sand flung against the face. People caught in their own yards grope for the doorstep. Cars come to a standstill, for no light in the world can penetrate that swirling murk... We live with the dust, eat it, sleep with it, watch it strip us of possessions and the look forward to of possessions. It is becoming Real. The result for farmers and their families was that 60% of the population was forced to quit the area, leaving in many cases farms they had lived on for several generations. According to Nelson (undated ) the devastation lasted until th e rains finally returned in 1939, but by then skilled workers had left-hand(a) for farm land elsewhere or for the cities of the distant West. The Government was well aware of the problems and did try to garter over an extended period. In 1933 President Roosevelt brought in the Emergency Farm Mortgage moment and the Farm Credit Act ( Segraves, 2012) to help farmers facing foreclosure, in many cases because crops had failed and animals had died. In September of the same year the Federal Surplus Relief Organization was set up after a public birdcall about the waste of such things as meat. Agricultural goods, including cotton clothing, were sent to relief organizations. The Taylor Grazing Act of 1934 allowed the government to nationalize large areas and then to control such things as grazing. This did a good chisel in halting any further deterioration caused by over farming methods, but did not actually reverse matters because the top soil was already lost. Nelson (undated) quotes from the Agricultural Year Book of 1934 - Approximately 35 million acres of formerly cultivated land have essentially been destroyed for crop production. . . . 100 million acres now in crops have lost all or most of the topsoil 125 million acres of land now in crops are rapidly losing topsoil. Early in 1935 the Government a Drought Relief Service designed to co-ordinate efforts from a number of agencies. This dish bought up cattle from

Major project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Major project - Research Paper ExampleThe purpose of this evaluation is to determine the changes that should be made in order to reduce the expense cost and keep workers safe. The four level models of Kirkpatrick get out be used to design and implement the evaluation. The different methods of data collection and analysis used in the proposed evaluation plan are also explained in the paper. Evaluation of a Successful Fire quenching Training Program Background Panorama Firefighters Company is a nonprofit organization that seeks to assist the enhance victims with mixed aid programs. The main objective of the company is to carry out various functions aimed at commanding the spread of flaming and providing necessary services to the victims. The company provides various fire suppression systems that help to assure the spread of fire once it occurs. The main function of the company is to respond quickly to the buildings and structures that are on fire in order to extinguish the fire b efore it causes severe damages. The company has offices in 25 American states in order to provide services to the fire victims in these states. The occurrence of fire could not be possible to predict, and this makes it necessary to have various fire protection services cannot be accessed easily. collectable to the rapid increases in the number of cases that involve fire outbreaks, the company has established many centers in various cities in order to enable them to respond quickly to the situation. The rising demand has enabled the five-year old company to evolve tremendously. The company currently has 900 employees with the upper level of caution, consisting of fifty people. The other employees include one- blow and fifty supervisors, and seven hundred people who work on a daily basis. Each state has two managers who oversee the management progress of the company in order to recommend the necessary measures. The company is looking forward to make better the services it provide s in order to help reduce the economic losses attributed by fire outbreak. principle The Panorama Firefighters Company realized the need of evaluating safety training after a huge fire outbreak that led to the death of five employees who work on a daily basis. The death of the employees

Physical Environment Of South And East Asia Essay

Physical Environment Of South And East Asia - Essay ExampleThe islands confound not be left behind as they also boast of rivers such as the Borneo and the Indonesian rivers. Extensive lowland is also another feature that is evident in the part and is separated by the mountain ranges and the forested hills. As a resulted of the physical conditions in the region, the people be taking reference in rice planting on the fertile plains. This is seen in places such as Burma and Vietnam. Long coastlines permit formed an important physical aspect of the region that promotes trade among the people and movement from one region to another. Another evident physical feature in the region is the presence of the seas that are marked by shallow ends and few deep underground trenches. As a result, they are warm throughout the year and are not saline. These conditions are favorable for the growth and prevalence of sea fish, coral, and seaweeds. The regions beautify is dominated by mountains whos e peaks are below ten thousand feet. The mountains form a very inviolate part of the region as they seem to create political and geographical boundaries. Indian and China are separated by the Northern and Western highlands thus forming a major factor that separates the two regions. Cordilleras in the region are three and seem to run north to south. The cordilleras include a Bilauktaung range that lies surrounded by Thailand and Myanmar, the Arakan Yoma range that is located in western part of Myanmar and the Annam Cordillera that marks the boundary between Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.

Information Technology as an Element of Competitive Advantage Term Paper

Information Technology as an Element of Competitive Advantage - Term Paper voiceAnother example of a company that uses IT as an element of competitive advantage is Amazon. circumspection thinks that it should put in new services to its weathervane site to draw the interest of customers habitually. Amazon constantly enhances the air of its Web pages and the range of products/services it offers. It advances from being a simple book seller to a ripe supplier of best-seller lists, readers reviews, and authors interviews (Oz, 2008, 57) offering a remarkably wide array of consumer products/services. The continuous developments help Amazon keep back its wind position and competitive advantage in Internet retailing. Yet, every one of these features has been copied by competitors. Amazon accordingly decided to add Web hosting services into their list of offerings. There are two ways of exploiting instruction engineering science to attain competitive advantage first, as an importan t product/service offered to customers and, second, as an organisational backup for product/service which is imperceptible to the customers. With highly technological products/services, it is usually very tricky to uphold a competitive advantage, because, as repeatedly mentioned above, competitors are good imitators. This may be specifically existent in the field of IT (Zoephel, 2011). For instance, the life expectancy of products/services in numerous technology-based companies, like laptops or semiconductors, is brief. high-tech companies aim to develop a new product or a modified one.... Information technology can help an organization maintain competitive advantage if it continually changes and improves the governance, building a high-power and inimitable target for competitors (Oz, 2008). A perfect illustration is an online airline reservation siteAmerican Airlines Sabre. In the 1950s, the system was created. But in the latter part of the 1970s, the system was re-created to provide a much convenient service for travel agents, online reservation. However, the company developed the Agency Data Systems-- an office computerization system for travel agents (Oz, 2008, 236). The reservation site currently includes limousine rentals, train tickets, car rentals, hotel reservations, and theater schedules. When the Internet finally became widely accessible, the reservation site was redeveloped to give travelers the option to log in to Sabre from the comfort of their take homes or workstation. The site has been very meshable that in several years Sabre generated more profit from IT than from its airline services. Another example of a company that uses IT as an element of competitive advantage is Amazon. Management thinks that it should insert new services to its Web site to draw the interest of customers habitually. Amazon constantly enhances the appearance of its Web pages and the range of products/services it offers. It advances from being a simple book sell er to a sophisticated provider of best-seller lists, readers reviews, and authors interviews (Oz, 2008, 57) offering a remarkably wide array of consumer products/services. The continuous developments help Amazon sustain its leading position and competitive advantage in Internet retailing. Yet, every one of these

Schizophrenia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Schizophrenia - Research Paper ExamplePeople suffering from this disorder hunt down to hear voices, which cannot be heard by people around them. If fact, these people believe that any separate person around them is controlling their thoughts, plotting harm against them and more importantly, they are reading their minds. Additionally, people with Schizophrenia seldom make sense when they are talking sometimes they can sit for a particular stopover without talking or moving. Patients with this disorder are mostly recognized by talking to them since they appear cut-and-dried people until they start talking (National institute of Mental Health).Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Individuals with a family history of this illness have a high rate of being diagnosed with this disorder. Researchers struggle that there it is considerably challenging to separate environmental and genetic factors. Therefore, there is a significant conversion in estimating hereditary causes and environmental causes.According to a recent research conducted by the National institute of Mental Health, the peril of developing Schizophrenia is considerably high in first-degree relatives. According to the research data, the risk an individual being diagnosed with Schizophrenia and they have been first-degree relative is approximately 6.5 share higher than the 40 percent of the monozygotic twins who may have been alter. Additionally, if one of the parents is suffering from the illness, the risk of these offspring being affected can be as high as 13 percent. On the other hand if twain parents are affected, the offspring have a 50 percent chance of being affected (National set up of Mental Health).Also to genetic causes, environmental factors have a significant role in causing this disorder. Some of the common environmental factors include usage of drugs, prenatal stressors, living environment among other environmental factors. A recent study showed that living

Scholarly Paper on Adult Learning Theory Research

Scholarly on Adult teaching Theory - Research Paper ExampleIt contrasts to this, it is being tho noted that with the growing age good deal are likely to face problems associated with neuroscientific perspective. In addition, this particular perspective also affects the behavior of the adults and is further associated with mathematical process of the brain. This in turn also signifies a similar kind of fact that reveals the existence of difference in learning at different stage of adulthood respectively. From this study, the major problem identified is that the difference in culture is another vital federal agent that is likely to influence the learning environment as wellhead as behaviour of the adults (Knowles, 2012 Vygotsky, n.d.). In this regard, the primary purpose of the paper is to evaluate the theories associated with adult learning and further analyze the impact of the cultural factor on the learning environment of the adults.DiscussionThe key points highlighted in the initiation section respectively are associated with the adult learning theory and environment. The theory proposed by Malcolm Knowles states different speculation related to adult learning. From the concerned theory, it has been evaluated that learning environment within the classroom is the most vital factor that is likely to influence the behavior of the adults in a particular stage respectively. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the interest, as well as needs of the adult learners, is another crucial factor that is likely to influence the boilersuit learning process respectively.

Two Traditional Chinese History Literature review

Two conventional Chinese History - Literature review ExampleAs the top-most military commander of the army, he employ the military to flaunt his power and force his policies across society. The end result was diminished power of the topical anesthetic governments and a strengthened centralized authority.As soon as the dynasty came to power, semi-autonomous kings at the local level be the authority of the central government under the emperor moth (Shu-hui 121). But in response, the emperor and the central government substantially weakened the influence of the regional administrators by directing the imperial court to implement reforms. such(prenominal) actions were in response to serious challenges to the central authority by regionally-instigated movements such as the Rebellion of the sevener States.The emperor was the chief appointing officer all government employees with at least 600 heaps of grain in pay were appointed by him with the assistance of the advisors, who assessed the qualification of each candidate (Shu-hui 122). The empress dowager served as the emperors real or figurative mother and was practically more influential than the holder of the throne. By virtue of her ability to rule the emperors decisions, power was technically held by the two at the expense of regional administrations. The emperor could occasionally delegate his executive powers to a member of the central government, especially when some criminals needed to be executed extra-judicially but the emperor was ill-prepared to carry the baggage.According to Shu-hui, Han managed to centralize power for exercising by the top-most members of the bureaucracy, who were supercharged with executing out advisory opinion, censorial duties, policymaking, and judicial functions in administering the kingdom (152).

English Composition Essay Example for Free

English Composition EssayThe term juvenile delinquent is beat defined as young defender, or a wrongdoer. A person who transgresses moral or civil justness. (Audioenglish. net) There atomic number 18 some dissimilar theories on the causes of crime and bad style. Youth crime is a major issue and receives a majuscule amount of attention from the news media and many politicians today. A juvenile delinquent is one who continuously commits crimes. ordinarily a juvenile give sometimes commit the same crimes that were done to them to others. An example would be blustering(a) in discipline.Maybe the juvenile was bullied as well. They alike sometimes imbibe mental disorders or behavioral disorders. Students who experience excessive suspension and expulsion are more likely to become part of the school to prison pipeline (Fenning Rose, 2007). Now being examined is the issue of the school to prison pipeline and trying to envision how students who drop out (or are pushed out ) of spunky school are more likely to enter the prison constitution (Fine, 1991). Students feel pushed out of school because of actions or barriers put up by their school.The student may end up feeling like they dont belong in school, or do not fit in, or they are not smart enough to be in school. This and then pushes them towards the streets and into bad behavior that leads them to becoming a juvenile delinquent. According to Brownstein, the zero tolerance is a failed approach. This constitution is used to mandate predetermined consequences for rule infractions, regardless of the circumstances its initially aimed at making schools safe. The best way of life to prevent serious violence at school, the theory went, was to ban any and all weapons of threats of violence, and concur no excuses. Browstein, 2010).Zero tolerance policies may be contributing to stripling violence. Suspensions and expulsions in public schools have increased dramatically. Between 1974 and 2006, the rat e at which U. S. students were suspend and expelled from school nearly doubled from 3. 7% of students in 1974 to . 1% of students in 2006. It is estimated that over 100,000 students were expelled and 3,300, 000 students were suspended at least once in the 2005-2006 school course of study which is an 8% increase in suspensions and a 15% increase in expulsions since the 2001-2001 school year. Brownstein, 2010) Today schools are getting carried away with the zero tolerance insurance policy somewhat.Instead of helping to resolve a dim-witted conflict in which they would call home for, they are now calling law enforcement. Too many school incidents that can be handled by the school are now being taken keeping of by the police and courts. ( Brownstein, 2010) An example given in the article talked about how a Columbus, GA teen student was expelled for violating school rules by talking to his mother whom he had not spoken to in cardinal days, on his cell phone while at school.His mothe r was on deployment as a pass in Iraq. It is common sense that the choice of disciplinary action was extremely harsh. There is no way to justify expelling this student given the circumstances of the phone call. Therefore, this example surely helps you to see merely how this zero tolerance policy is indeed failing our children. Trying to get you to understand that yet the policy is put in place to protect the school faculty and other students from violent behavior from trusted students, it is also being used in incidents that do not need to be presented to law enforcement. acoustic projection and suspension disciplinary action is not making our schools safer or more academically sound. In fact, schools with high rate expulsion and suspensions usually have less satisfactory school ratings according to the American mental Association. This suggests to me that it also contributes to children becoming juvenile delinquents due to harsh punishment and the things that they are currently dealing with in their personal lives. I will point out how African American students are suspended at nearly three times the rate and expelled at 3. times the rate of white students, according to the U. S. incision of Educations Office of Civil Rights. Latino students are 1. 5 times as likely to be suspended when compared to white peers. It seems that the white students get referred to the office at a high rate than students of color for offenses such(prenominal) as smoking, vandalism, leaving without permission, and obscene language.African-American and Latino students are referred for discipline at a higher rate than their white peers for disrespect, excessive noise, and loitering. Brownstein, 2010) These behaviors you would think would seem to rely on subjective judgment on the part of educators. Maybe this is part of the reason why most students of color are failing in school and become juvenile delinquents somewhere along the line. They are hardly allowed the chance to stay in class if they are consistently disciplined harshly over fairly minor infractions that can be handled by the fosters and teacher alone. Educators need to take the time out to think about what they are disciplining a student for, and how they are disciplining them and the consequences that lie ahead if you are too harsh.It is the same way when it comes to a parent raising children. You must know when you are being too excessive when it comes to punishment. Conclusion Promote the students tyrannical behavior more and maybe the outcome will be different. Behavior begins at home. Parents come depression when it comes to making sure your child/children act accordingly in public. It is a group effort also if you are taking on the responsibility of teaching someones child. You cant just give up on the child, or take the easiest route such as harsh discipline.There has to be a system put in place in the home and in the schools to turn around bad behavior to avoid our children being int roduced to the jail system turning them into juvenile delinquents. There also must be a system put in place in the home and school to look at certain incidents that happen in school not all in the same light. How we raise our children will be the result you get out of the situation. Strive to raise them the right way, and educators should stop relying on law enforcement to handle what can be handled between themselves, the student and the parents.

Reigh by Elizabeth I Essay Example for Free

Reigh by Elizabeth I EssayBy 1571, Elizabeth I had single-minded most of her internal and orthogonal hassles that she had faced at the commencement exercise of her reign? Assess the validity of this view In 1558 Elizabeth inherited a feces encumbered with various internal and foreign problems, due to the actions in previous reigns of the little Tudors. Internal problems referred to predicaments occurring in England and private electrical outlets with the milkweed butterfly, e.g. the phantasmal solving of Catholicism in bloody shame Tudors reign and rebellions posed a significant problem of domestic policy at the beginning of Elizabeths reign. External problems refereed to dilemmas occurring outside of England, e.g. Marys tone ending of Calais in 1558 produced the external possibility of French invasion during Elizabeths reign. Along with debasement of the coinage and inflationary pressures, it is evident that Elizabeth was presented with formidable problems at the b eginning of her reign. The first major internal problem faced by Elizabeth at the start of her reign was her sexuality.The idea of a female monarch met master of ceremoniesility in Tudor England and Elizabeth was faced with criticism by the Protestant preacher John Knox who wrote to promote a woman to fend rule, superiority, dominion, or empire above each realm, nation or city is repugnant by genius and a insult to God. tho Elizabeth overcame the slew of her gender in her fight of administrators and management of political matters. this instant after coming to the throne, Elizabeth successfully established her royal and political authority by appointing William Cecil as her normal secretary, a successful partnership in government which lasted 40 stratums. Elizabeth then appointed Thomas blockade as controller of the household and Robert Dudley as Master of the Horse. The appointment of her friends and supporters highlight that Elizabeth overcame her internal problem of h er gender as Elizabeth had successfully established her authority, despite macrocosm a female queen she was support by influential male figures, thus advocating to Tudor England that the her reign will non suffer from political mental unsoundness as Edward VI and Mary I reigns did.Elizabeth was intelligent in non making any nurture appointments as it made political sense to keep speculation alive of Marys councillors being reappointed, a political motive that worked for Elizabeth as 9 of Mary councillors assured Elizabeth of their dedication. Elizabeth then went on to expurgate the number of privy councillors from 39 to 19, 10 of who had served Mary, and Elizabeth kept nobles such as the Earl of Winchesterwho had long political sire and had shown his excellence as an exchequer. Reducing the number of privy councillors allowed policy making to be more high-octane and created a form of collective responsibility and corpo station decision making within the council, thus Eliza beth had operated the internal problem of her gender as her changes to the privy council also meant that no individual could exert broad amounts of influence over her and the fixed membership assured Elizabeth of the councillors loyalty, a numeral which caused the downfall of Somerset in Edward VIs reign.Thus this supports John Guys interpretation of Elizabeth that she controlled her own policy more than any a nonher(prenominal) Tudor and her instinct to power was infallible Elizabeth further solved the have it away of her gender by maintaining just relations with Parliament, Elizabeth managed some issues under royal prerogative and allowed all member of the privy council to play a role in the management of Parliament, especially Cecil who played a important role in the deliberations of the common with C.Maccafrey describing Cecil as a crowns manager of political business. The election of the speaker under Elizabeths was a whole political motive as it benefited the crown in enjoying management of the House of Commons. Thus Elizabeth had succeeded in maintaining a strong parliament supported by John Guy view legislative business was flop directed. Elizabeth further overcame her internal problem by using public relations to influence her political authority.At her coronation on the 15TH January Elizabeth was welcomed as Deborah the judge and restorer of Israel. To be likened to an influential female is render that Elizabeth overcame the issue of her gender at the beginning of her reign, as it highlights the publics acceptance of her as tabby cat. However it is debated by a minority of revisionists that Elizabeth did not solve the internal problem of her gender at the beginning of her reign. This is due to the fact that during Elizabeths 45 year reign, Parliament only met for a total of 3 years, and 11 out of 13 parliamentary sessions were to ask for revenue. Thus this enforces the view that Elizabeth was unable to work with parliament, supported by th e excessive use of royal prerogative over issues Elizabeth did not wish to discuss. It is further argued that Elizabeth did not solve the issue of her gender as she was over ruled by Cecil on many occasions, for archetype Cecil endanger to resign in 1560 if England did not support him in Scottish policy.The issue of BishopOglethorpe not elevating the host during Elizabeths coronation mass is further indication of the unsolved problems which were existent at the beginning of Elizabeths reign. However I believe that Elizabeth did overcome the issue of her gender, as contrary previous monarchs, Elizabeth was never threatened to be overpowered by one of her administrators, and according to her tutor Roger Ascham her mind had no womanly weakness, her perseverance is touch on to that of a man, thus this interpretation supports the fact that Elizabeth overcame the issue of her gender due to her abilities of choosing first rate advisors and having the remarkable gift of winning the devot ion of the public. A further internal problem faced by Elizabeth at the start of her reign was the religious answer after 1558. The legal status of the church had not been altered with the death of Queen Mary thus meaning that the face church remained in talk with the Church of Rome, heretofore Elizabeth was protestant.Thus Elizabeth solved the internal problem of worship through the introduction of the 1559 religious settlement. The act embraced two sets of parliament, the Act of Supremacy 1559 and the Act of Uniformity 1559. The Act of Supremacy restored the royal command of the church which had been removed under Mary, the act replied heresy laws which had been revived under Mary and re-established communion in both kinds. The act further defined Elizabeth to be ultimate Governor and not Supreme top dog of the church, reflecting the assumption that only God could be head of the church. The act of Uniformity specified the use of a single Book of Common Prayer, specified th at ornaments of the church and of the ministers thereof should be those that were there I the bet on year of the reign of Edward VI and the act further laid down a punishment of a shilling for not attending church. The 1559 religious settlement also enforced the 1559 injunctions, which were a set of rules active the conduct of church services and the government of the church issued in the Queens name as the Supreme Governor.The first injunction stressed the suppression of superstition (catholic practises such as candles). Thus the 1559 religious settlement highlight how Elizabeth overcame the issue of religion as there was a now uniformed principles of church services. Elizabeth overcame the issue of many bishops resigning due to not being able to take the Oath of Supremacy by appointing 27 new bishops, many of whom had opposed Marys religious policies and would support Elizabeth in the House of Lords.The appointment of Matthew Parker as archbishop of Canterbury was a conscious st rategy to reshape the hierarchy of England and further evidence that Elizabeth overcame the religious issue left by Mary. Elizabeths dislike of clerical marriage and prevention of musical culture in cathedrals and catholic colleges highlights the extent to which Elizabeth created a erastian nature of the church.Although it is argued that Elizabeth did not successfully resolve the internal issue of religion as according to historians such as Peter Lake the religious settlement had a two fixedness view, Elizabeths view that the settlement was final and complete and then the view of bishops that the settlement was simply a interim arrangement and full scale reform needed to be implemented. The religious settlement was not seen final by many historians as Neale argues that the Queen was conscious of the dangerous political situation with France, and so used the 1559 religious settlement to gain parliamentary confirmation of royal supremacy and delay any other significant changes in h er reign. The puritan challenges to the settlement are further evidence of the religious settlement not being successful. The vestments controversy occurred due to failure of the convocation of Canterbury 1563 to secure reform, thus many bishops mulish they did not wish to follow the rules of clerical dress outlined in the Act of Uniformity as they believed the albs and copes to be popish and superstitious.Thus the Queen summoned Parker to enforce the rules, thus Parker threatened to remove preaching licences of anyone that did not obey and in 1566 issued the Advertisements. However 37 clergymen refused to sign and were deprived of their posts, this conflict expresses that Elizabeth did not solve the issue of religion as it highlighted that the Queen could not enforce her will in all respect and highlighted fundamental issues in the relationship of the Crown and the Church. However Elizabeth succeeded in her religious settlement and overcame her internal problem, she wished not to cod windows into mens souls and thus allowed the survival of Catholics. An external problem faced by Elizabeth at the start of her reign was the issue of her marriage and succession. When Elizabeth inherited the throne in 1558, it was assumed that she would marry a prince and continue the Tudor line, as failure to marry would bring around a troubled succession. in that location were a number of suitors for Elizabeth, arguably her favourite being Robert Dudley of whom she arguably had aemotional dependency on, however the suspicious death of his wife Amy led to the marriage never occurring, which pleased Cecil who was horrified at the nominee of his own power and influence being eroded. Thus Elizabeth chose not to marry and not to choose a successor, however she overcame the internal problem of this. By remaining un unify, her authority remained undiminished and Elizabeth maximized the diplomatic advantages from the prolonged marriage negotiations. She used marriage talks as a for m of unknown policy, e.g. marriage talks with the Habsburgs minimised the manageable Catholic backlash to her Religious Settlement, and she gained financial benefits from Eric of Sweden. Not naming a successor also had benefits for Elizabeth, as it avoided any factions arising in the privy council and any unnecessary competitions for influence and power, as Elizabeth once commented if my successor were cognize to the world, I would never esteem my state to be safe.Although it can be argued that as Elizabeth died the everlasting(a) queen, she did not solve the issue of her marriage and succession due to never being married. As Elizabeth did not produce her own natural protestant heir, Elizabeth faced real threats from Mary Queen of Scots. Many English Catholics supported Marys claim to the throne and when Mary arrived in England there were several plots to dethrone or assassinate Elizabeth including the Ridolfi, Throckmorton and Babington plots. Although after Elizabeths death, J ames Stewart inherited the throne in a uncontroversial succession, thus Elizabeth had solved the problem. The issue of foreign policy was Elizabeths biggest external problem during her reign. Elizabeth had inherited the throne at a time where finances were weak, with Sir John Mason declaring our state can no weeklong bear these wars. Thus Elizabeth wanted to secure Calais and conclude peace with the Scottish Queen as Elizabeth commented that the superlative burden of these wars resteth uponth Scotland.Thus Elizabeth resolved issues of foreign policy in her reign by the signing of the Chaetae Cambersis in 1559 which brought peace along England, Scotland, France and Spain, France would retain Calais for eight years and then would be returned to England providing England had kept peace. However external problems of foreign policy occurred again after the death of Henry II who was succeeded by his son Francis who was married to Mary Queen of Scots. This led to a strong guise faction in France who sought to make Scotland an instrument of French policy making.. Thus England wasfaced with the threat of invasion from Scotland and France. However Elizabeth resolved this issue by sending the Navy to the firth of forth to block French reinforcements from landing and sending an army to Leith where the pop of the French force were situated. Elizabeths intervention meant the siege failed, and in 1560 the Treaty of Edinburgh was signed which forced Mary Queen of Scots to recognise Elizabeth as Queen and effectively weakened the Franco-Scottish alliance.Elizabeth had also succeeded in foreign policy with Spain as she avoided having a civil war with Spain, the policy of harassment by taking currency from Spanish ships in Cornwell and Devon strengthened Englands finances. However it can be argued that Elizabeth did not solve the issue of foreign policy, Anglo Spanish and Anglo Dutch relations came to a halt after the Spanish harassments meaning that loyalty with Phillip ha d disintegrated thus Phillip began to support plots against Elizabeth such as the Ridolfi plot and the 1569 Northern Rebellion. Although I believe Elizabeth did solve her external problem to a small extent, as relations were improved but would still be some other 14 years until Elizabeth could feel secure from threats to English stability. Thus at the end of her 45 year long reign, it is concrete to state that Elizabeth did successfully conquer most of her external and internal problems she faced at the beginning of her reign.Known as the Golden Age by many historians Elizabeth was able to establish a secure Church of England and her reign also saw significant expansion overseas. Great explorers were encouraged such as Sir Francis Drake, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Sir John Hawkins. She achieved an excellent reputation as a good and wise ruler, who was truly love by her people she was highly accomplished in the art of rhetoric and Public Relations Queen Elizabeth I surrounded herself with highly intelligent and loyal advisors such as Sir William Cecil, Sir Francis Walsingham and Sir Robert Cecil who gave her sound political advice and unlike the reigns of Edward and Mary, Elizabeth was able to expand overseas. Thus the internal and external problems at the beginning of reign soon became unimportant hurdles for the great queen, whose monarch is still described by historians today to be the greatest monarch in England.

Rules for You Put All of Your Company’s Products Essay Example for Free

Rules for You Put All of Your Comp whatevers Products EssayOnce you put all of your bon tons products into their respective categories, you then consider these rules 1. Stars expend your marketing dollars in these since they could become dominant market leaders 2. currency Cowsmilk these to translate the currency in to spend in your stars and a few question marks 3. Question Marksinvest in the most promising of these as well but nevertheless a few 4. Dogs golf shot the leash and let these go to the highest bidder for whatever much needed currency To illustrate, imagine that youre Coca-Cola. Your portfolio top executive look something like this Question Markyour energy drink brand (Full Throttle) ? Staryour bottled water (Dasani) ? Cash Cowyour namesake soft drink (Coca-Cola) ? Dogyour sweetened juice drink (Hi-C) As Coca-Colas CMO, you would apply income from Coke to invest primarily in Dasani and Full Throttle, while looking to sell off Hi-C to some private equity f und with too much cash on its hands. But before you rush off and start reallocating your dinero, consider these caveats Caveat 1 food markets change with the economy and other conditions sometimes very(prenominal) quickly.What if consumers make a massive shift from bottled water to tap water, as many municipal governments argon doing? Dasani is doomed. Or what ifTiki Bar TVuses Hi-C as a drink mixer, making it a hip and stylish drink amongst geeks overnight? Your dog is now a star Caveat 2 One companys dog is another companys cash cow (or better). Some investors have strike gold by buying another companys dogs. In 2003, Nike bought troubled Converse for only $305 million (less than what the movie Iron Man earned in two months).Tips Invest for sales return and market share. Use cash from Cash Cows to support required investments. Star examples Apple = iPhone Coca-Cola = Vitamin peeing Cash Cows Low Growth, High Market Share pic Foundation of the company and Stars of yesterda y relent more cash than required Extract profits by investing as little cash as possible located in an industry that is mature and not growing or declining Tips sustain the strong market position and defend your market share. Take advantage of sales volume and supplement the size of operations.Support other businesses. Cash Cow examples Apple = iPods Coca-Cola = Coca-Cola Classic Dogs Low Growth, Low Market Share pic Cash traps Do not have potential to bring in much cash Number of dogs in country should be minimalized Business is situated at a declining stage Tips optimise your current operations. Get rid of all non value added activities and features. Reposition your offering to generate positive cash flow or sell this business. Dog examples Apple = Since good company should not have any dogs Coca-Cola = New Coke

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and manpower EssayThe action comes full circle as George destroys Lennie at the end of the novel. Steinbeck purposely wrote the novel so that it could be turned into a play. Each chapter starts with the description of a scene the characters come in, speak and therefore go off as they would in a play. The story is set in 1930s America. It was compose in 1937. America and Particularly California was the land of opportunity. It was believed that any person could make their fortune and get to success by working hard. This was called The American Dream and is what Lennie, George and later on in the have glaze hoped to achieve. This was the America that Steinbeck k tender of and experienced this kind of life, because he was alive at this time. The American Dream was destroyed by the depression of the 1930s. The Wall Street Crash in 1929 when the stock markets collapsed triggered this and thousands of people lost e actuallything they had. Hardly anyone could capture work easily and many people were driven to become workers travelling from place to place not getting much money, alike George and Lennie.Other problems of that time were that farming was easier, they used combine harvesters and other machinery, and so fewer men were needed to do the same jobs. Poor farming methods of that time meant that thousands of acres of ploughland dried up rapidly, and became dry deserts. The landscape in the new guide reflects the reality of the landscape to a greater extent clearly and the viewers understood what it was like by watching it. thither have been three frivol away recitations of the novel Of Mice and Men. Now I will compare the two film mutations.Both versions are very potent and brilliant techniques have been used. The rareer version was made for television, it is episodic, and the new one is in film version. The new film contains well-known actors. Gary Sinise and John Malkovich, this makes to a greater extent(prenominal) people requireme nt to watch it. In the new film we see no action until the titles have finished, which is more effective. In the initiation of the new film the photographic camera crosscuts between long shots and close-ups during the chase to highlight the danger. They focus on George and Lennie a crisp more than they do with other characters at the beginning.I think they do this so the viewers realise who the main(prenominal) characters are and can get to know them. There are close-ups in Aunt Claras house. Lennie is given a big piece of pie and George gets a small piece. Lennie is shown as macrocosm a big kid. In the 1992 version there close-up shots of the mens faces on the train, we see their relief of escaping. They are safe. You hear the sound of the train as the exsanguinous writing comes down over the black screen. This is very effective and makes you want to keep watching. The train scene is not actually used in the text.The director has added this to make his film more interesting and effective. The twinkle in both versions of the novel were preferably natural, no use of fake lighting. The director does this to make it more realistic. In the new version of the film the scene changing is very effective. The music in the opening of the rare version is varied it is played on a flute to give a enjoyable and optimistic feeling. It becomes intense as the action picks up. This is to reflect the danger and the solicitude of Lennie and George as they are running.George doesnt want to take care of Lennie anymore and he plans to leave him. When he does this the music becomes quieter. It reflects whats happening in the p potty. In the 1992 film version the music is more dramatic. It keeps you in suspense and is more atmospheric. It starts with piano music and consequently the sound of the train comes in. They do this to make the opening more effective and watchfulness grabbing. The costumes are more or less the same in both versions of the film. They are ragged an d dirty. George and Lennie have cravats tied approximately their necks, and hats.When George and Lennie go to visit Aunt Clara in the old version of the film, Lennie repeats George when presented to Aunt Clara. Yes mam. The director has added this scene into the old version. In the novel the only time she appears is in Lennies imagination. This scene has been included to put Lennie into context it gives him a background, and shows that he has always been looked after and that the people who know him still treat him like a baby. It excessively serves to highlight Lennies reliance on George.As an auditory sense we feel really sorry for Lennie when George tricked him to try and pardon himself from responsibility of looking out for Lennie. Lennie is more childish in the new film. You feel more liberality for him in the old version. In the 1981 version of the film Curleys wife is portrayed as a bit of a tart, her dressed are tight fitting and she wears lots of makeup. In the scene w hen she is murdered, she is wearing a tight fitting, black knee length dress with a flower on it. Black represents experience. She has overbold red shoes and red earrings.The description of her in the novel is more or less the same as the way she is presented in the films. In the newer version she is wearing a white dress. This represents innocence. She speaks quietly and is quite flirtatious she is attentive when Lennie is speaking to her. When Lennie murders her, she screams a lot and is more dramatic in the new film. This draws attention to the viewer and gives a slight chill. The men are outside playing their game, they are so near, even they dont hear her screaming or come to help. It makes it more sinister.When Lennie and Curleys wife are talking in the old film, Lennie doesnt listen to her much and interrupts, but in the newer version he sits and looks like he understands and he listens to her carefully. This makes the audition feel sorry for Lennie in a way because he act s like a big baby. He interrupts and talks about his things and doesnt listen to what Curleys wife is saying. Also, it gives a slight chill because one minute Lennie is being nice to Curleys wife and the next, he kills her. Curleys wife becomes very flirtatious and asks Lennie to stroke her hair. This all leads to the murder.He enjoys this and she looks like she enjoys it. She is more excited in the newer version, there is heavy breathing and she shows that she likes it a lot. Lennie stares at her a lot and there are lots of close-ups of this. In the older version when Lennie kills her, you see the close-up of his hand over her mouth. The camera switches from a low angle shot of her feet to a close up of her face where we see the fear in her eyes and then the camera goes back to her feet where one of her shoes fall off. This is very effective because we see just enough of her eyes to see how scared she is.Then there is the very piteous and final indignity where she loses her shoe i n death and she has been so proud of her appearance. Then the episode ends to create suspense. The newer version is much closer to the novel. There are only long and mid-shots of Lennie holding her enough to break her neck. There is quiet music up until Lennie starts becoming fierce. The music is more dramatic and brings an atmosphere. The volume increases to show that its important. It keeps the audience hooked. In the older version there is slow haunting music when she dies. This makes it creepy for the viewer.

12 Angry Men sociological analysis Essay Example for Free

12 Angry Men sociological digest Essay12 Angry Men focuses on a Jurys deliberations in a capital finish case. A 12- man Jury is sent to begin deliberations in the first-degree murder trial of an 18-year- old Latino accused in the stabbing stopping point of his father, where a guilty verdict means automatic death sentence. The case appears to be open-and-shut The defendant has a weak alibi a knife he claimed to have lost is found at the murder scene and several witnesses either heard screaming, axiom the killing or the male child fleeing the scene. Eleven of the Jurors immediately vote guilty only Juror no. Mr. Davis) casts a non guilty vote. At first Mr. Davis bases his vote more so for the sake of discussion after all in all, the Jurors must believe beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty. As the deliberations unfold, the report card quickly becomes a study of the Jurors complex in-personities (ranging from wise, bright and empathetic to arrogant, pre judiced and merciless), preconceptions, backgrounds and interactions. That provides the backdrop to Mr. Davis attempts in convince the other Jurors that a non guilty verdict might be appropriate.A huge detect of the get is gotten finished the time period it took place in. Peoples views on race were made very publicly within the Jury. Many of them seemed to have personal vendettas against different races. They deemed the boys Hispanic race to be slum and nil more than that. A universal problem that is sh take in in several ways throughout the film is personal prejudice getting in the way of Judgment. Juror number tens reason for saying the accused boy was guilty was because he felt people from slums should not be trusted and that they kill one and other for fun.His prejudice lead him to discriminate against the boy initially by voting guilty earlier in the film, before being convinced in voting not guilty. This was during the civil rights era and all of that. We all know black s werent treated equally and this makes it apparent that it wasnt at large(p) for any minority within the US. Theyd rather remand them up and throw away the key than give them a fair trial. Tensions run high the southward the Jury went into the private room to deliberate. It was a very hot day outside and the fan wasnt workings nor would the windows open.No man wanted to spend more time than what they thought would be efficient to stop the verdict. Some even spoke about their plans for right after, thinking it would be a sure represent theyd be out of there soon with the whole night ahead of them. They were wrong. From then on the film turned into an example straight out of a sociology textbook. Everyone didnt deviate from the norm of the assort All leave out one, Juror 8. The rest of the Jury was outraged and deemed him a radical. They could not believe two things. One, that he voted not guilty, and second, hat he went against the group norm.He tried not one bit to conform. Rather, he stood up in grand fashion and presented his doubts to his fel depressed Jurors. Slowly but surely his grand scheme was working. He did not know for sure whether he was guilty or not guilty, but he had a reasonable doubt and thats all about what the justice system stands tor. Its so interesting when you bring a group o t 12 random people into a setting like a Jury and see what you come up with. All of these men, from different walks of life , they all brought something special to the sidestep that was ital to their key decision.The sociological theory that tone of this film could easily fall under is the conflict perspective. At the very beginning, viewers can clearly see the tension is between the Jurors whom approximately have a personal prejudice against the boy for certain reason. Some Jurors simply expected that a boy from the slums would hand an act like that they were stereotyping that all people who come from slums are criminals. Even if a person is not persona lly prejudiced against and individual or group, stereotypes can have them make discriminatory actions such as vote guilty.The reason most of the Jurors stereotyped the actions of the accused boys is because of socialization. The way of transmission was most likely through media crimes shown by television new or new papers are frequently from neighborhood of low economics standing. Deviance a topic I touched on earlier, is another sociological saying that can be examined in this film. Deviance is a very relative term where depending on the group and situation, it varies. Juror 8 was the only that felt from the beginning the boy was not guilty.When the first vote most of the other Jurors by he fact he could think the boy was innocent and even were consider at him for thinking that. As the film progressed the Jurors began changing their votes, eventually the roles were reversed Juror number 3 appear to be the one committing the deviant act since it is revealed his own reason for voti ng guilty is because of issues with his own son. One of the most important things I learned in observing the sociological aspects of this film is how easy norms can change. The norms of eleven out of the twelve men voted guilty, changed entirely to guilty as the film came to a chose.

Meaning of supervision and my professional life Essay Example for Free

Meaning of watchfulness and my superior life EssayInstructional watchfulness Instructional watch is a very important concept which must be understood by all educators for the sake of achieving their principle method objectives. For this case, the process of knowledgeal surveillance must be applied for the sake of delivering effective instructions to the students. Supervision of instruction for example in England began as an external inspection where some people were appointed to go around the school to play along what the students were learning and what the teachers were pedagogics the students. The main aim of these supervisors was to ensure that the set curriculum was organism followed and the students were actually being taught. On the different hand, in United States, supervision began in 1830s after the formation of parkland schools. Initially, supervision in schools was undertaken by superintendents after the formation of city school system due to change mag nitude population in major cities. Later on, the region of supervision by superintendents became impossible as the function of schools increased. The role of supervision had to be delegated to the principal to oversee that the teachers we avocation the curriculum in their teaching.In consecrate to promote growth of teachers and recognizing practice of supervisors time restrain, Sergiovanni and Starratt (1998), suggested that a supervisory system be created that would contain a number of processes of supervision even summative rating. The system was non to involve direct formal supervision every year for every teacher. This system was to evaluate the teachers within a period of three to cardinal years. In this kind of evaluation, the teachers were to receive a variety of evaluation during the three or five years and finally be evaluated formally only once.Professional growth evidence is required during once-a-cycle formal evaluation. The toy of supervision was alike attempt ed to be opened at international involvement by Sergiovanni and Starratt. In a school setting, the principal has the overall responsibility of supervision of the whole school. For this case, he supervises, teachers, students and all the early(a)(a) staff dallying in the school that include librarian, gardeners, drivers, cleaners etc. The supervision role is non an easy task especially of teachers and for this case, the principal has to carry come forward the exercise with intelligent and diplomacy.The teachers of course knows their role and they would feel not motivate if they see they argon being supervised like factory workers. This would in turn kill their morale at work and finally they would not deliver the required association to the students and the end result would mean that the teaching objectives will not be achieved. The principal on the other hand has a responsibility of supervising the work of the students and together with their behaviors. Students tend to acquir e deviant behaviors from other students like smoking and un slight this behavior is corrected at an early stage, the student will not endure in his learning.In some situation, the supervision of students gets out of hand as they tend to hit acquired to a greater extent serious behaviors such as carrying of weapons and may be killing of their fellow students. For this case, this becomes criminal offence and is not likely to be handled the principal. Principal should be very strict when it comes to discipline for the sake of ensuring that education objectives ar achieved. Since the students are in a crucial stage of adolescent stage where influence of behavior is at high level hence their behaviors should supervised keenly.According to Glickman (1990), at that place are a number of supervisory go ones within clinical supervision structure. He developed a supervision model that provides theoretical fashion model that with four supervision arisees that would be found in supervis ion concept. These glide slopees are similar in the think end goal but they differ differs slightly in the power and control that is accorded to the teacher. The four nestlees are a follow The first supervision approach is the non leading supervision whereby the teacher has the freedom of formulating his own final cause on the future development.In such a situation, the supervisor is there to give advice to the teacher when he comes up with his own bases on the way prior. This kind of approach indeed motivates the teaching staff members as they feel they are in control with their undertakings. For this case it should be encourage at situations where the teachers are undergo in their work and they can work with little or no supervision. (Glickman, 1990) The other supervision approach is collaborative supervision. In this approach, the teacher and the supervisor do share idea before the supervisor makes finality on whatever decision he wants to make.This approach too is a good one also as the teachers feels motivated as they are consulted before any decision can be arrived at. For this case, the teachers stand their ideas and the supervisor weighs various options before settling on the best idea that has been contributed by the teachers. By only when brainstorming of ideas, the approach is of much help for the sake of choosing the best approach to be used. For this case, this kind of approach should be encouraged at situation where teachers involved are experienced in their work. The third supervision approach is the directive informational approach.In this situation, the supervisor formulates the supervisor plan and it is the responsibility of the teacher to decide if he is going to follow the plan. In this kind of an approach, the teachers are not motivated with it as they feel they are not consulted before a decision is being made in their work. Although some of the approach since it consumes less time before it is hypothecate, majority of them esp ecially the experienced ones feels that some ideas which are meliorate are overlooked. In this kind of approach, the teachers are assumption an opportunity to follow or not to follow the approach directives.However, the approach is appropriate mostly to teacher who are not experienced or the novice teachers. ultimately is the directive control approach in which the teacher formulates the supervisory plan and expects are the teacher to follow it. For this case, the teachers have no alternative on whether to have another idea. They have to follow the supervisory plan that has been formulated by their supervisor. This approach however does not motivate the teachers as they are not given an opportunity to contribute their ideas toward formulation of a supervisory plan. For this case, they have to follow the directives as formulated by their supervisor.This approach is popular where the teachers being supervised are less experiences of novice. It is also very appropriate in situation s whereby there is not time to gather in a meeting and brainstorm on the way forward as far as supervisory plan is concerned. Before the supervisor can know on which approach he should use, he should consider knowledge and experience of the teachers concerned before settling on the supervisory approach plan to use. The issue of responsibility and accountability should also be looked into in read to decide on the approach to use for the sake of at least motivate the teacher in their work.Motivation is the inner drive to do something, and unless the teachers have that inner drive to deliver knowledge to their students, teaching objectives might never be achieved Glickman (1990) asserts that collaborative approach is very popular among the teachers and they really enjoy their work if used. For this case, school principal should at least ensure they use this kind of an approach when they are formulating their supervisory plan to be applied in their school. There are three supervisor re sponsibilities that should be considered in the supervision process. They include? The Supervisor to carry our observations to both the teachers and students. ? The supervisor to give focal point and allow to teachers and students. ? Lastly is for the supervisor to give feedback to the teachers. According to Knoll (1987), the information that a supervisor gather after carrying out a classroom observation is very important. He is able to have an access to a encompassing range of skills necessary for teaching which he can in turn share it with other teachers. The main aim of carrying out a classroom observation is to collect data that is necessary for carrying out an evaluative rating which is accurate.As far as supervision is concerned, guidance and support should be the main idea of supervision in the first place. Supervision is not done just to see whether teachers are following the curriculum or not and then note that one subjugate, no. One should continuously conjure guidan ce and support as he supervises. For this case, the supervisors are urged to make correction on the spot opus carrying out their supervision roles in put together for them to achieve their objectives. In order for teachers to improve on their areas of teaching, the supervisor must ensure that he gives feedback to them on the areas he has observed that would like to be improved.There would be no requisite of supervision if the teachers are not given the feedback as it is this feedback that they will know what areas they need to improve in while carrying out their duties. There is very big difference between evaluation and supervision though the two terms interrelates. military rank is the art of making judgment about the slaying of a teacher. On the other hand, supervision is mere the art of ensuring that the teachers are following the laid down rules and regulation in their work. Evaluation comes after one has carried out an observation on the teachers.Appendix literature Revi ew Instructional supervision improves teaching performance if it is carried out in the manner that is desired by teacher. If the collaborative supervision approach is used according to Knoll (1987) is used, the teachers will be motivated in their work and the overall performance of the school will be felt. In his book Supervision for better instruction Practical techniques for improving staff performance, Knoll (1987) asserts that teachers are motivated in their work of teaching when collaborative supervisory plan approach is applied in their supervision.Pfeiffer and Dunlap (1982) in their book Supervision of teachers A guide to improving instruction asserts that teachers need to be motivated in their work for the sake of achieving their teaching objectives. Motivation can only be achieved if the supervisors uses collaborative supervisory plan in their work. On the other hand, Rettig (2000) in his journal Leslies lament How can I make teachers supervision meaningful? asserts tha t unless guidance and support is given to teacher, there is no need of supervision in the first place.He further states that teachers should be given a feedback after they have been successfully evaluated by their supervisor in order for them to improve in their teaching. He concludes that teachers supervision will be meaningful after the guidance, support and feedback is given to teachers by their supervisors.References Bourisaw, D. M. (1988) Anticipatory set bias Effects on teacher observation in Evaluation Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Iowa State University, Ames Glickman, C. D. (1990) Supervision of instruction A developmental approach, 2nd EdnBoston, MA Allyn Bacon. Knoll, M. K. (1987) Supervision for better instruction Practical techniques for Improving staff performance Englewood Clif, NJ Prentice Hall. Odell, S. J. (1986) Induction support of new teachers A functional approach. Journal of Teacher Education, 37(1), 26-29 Pfeiffer, I. L. , Dunlap, J. B. (1982) Supervis ion of teachers A guide to improving instruction Phoenix, AZ Oryx Press. Rettig, P. R. (2000) Leslies lament How can I make teachers supervision meaningful? educational Horizons, 79(1), 33-37.Sergiovanni, T. J. (1982) Toward a Theory of Supervisory Practice Integrating the Scientific, Clinical, and Artistic Views. In Supervision of Teaching, ed. Thomas J. Sergiovanni. Alexandria, VA connecter of Supervision and Curriculum Development Sergiovanni, T. J. and Starratt, R. J. (1998) Supervision A Redefinition, 6th edition. New York McGraw-Hill. Shantz, D. , Ward, T. (2000) Feedback, conservation and power in the field experience of preservice teachers. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 27 (4), 288-294.

Effective Presentations Essay Example for Free

Effective Presentations EssayPresentation is used to summarize, defend or even argue important ideas to an audience. Thus, the beginning of the presentation gains the attention of audiences and establishes its purpose. Selecting the con textbook, designing the learning experience and producing efficient, efficient and appealing presentation cease be easy though it is the hardest part (Courses Surveys, 1977). To produce an appealing presentation, one(a) should keep the design short and simple in order to produce effective design. The color should be used to emphasize a word or use a transition to disclose the root to a question. The designer should evade the confusion. It is better off to have extra white space than having opposed piece of clipart that can be distracting. Fewer manner of speaking should be chosen rather than more words and use closely cropped photographs than cluttered distance shot (Courses Surveys, 1977). The viewers should be kept focused and intereste d. This can be done by using key phrases and including only essential information. The word should be restrain and simplified and overturn using of much bullets per slides. The presentation should be easy to follow by property the important information visible.The punctuation and font case should be considered. For instance, use of all caps makes the statements more voiceless to read. The font size and fibre used should be simple and easy to read. Thus the designer should avoid using fancy and script fonts as they are hard to read on the screen. The font type and size should be visible to the audience and uniform throughout the presentation (Courses Surveys, 1977). Consequently, the background colors and that of the text should be contrasting. It is preferred to use dark text on a light background.Color should be toned down to make the light colors easy on the eyes. Patterned or coarse-textured backgrounds reduce readability of the text. The color scheme used should remain co nsistent throughout the presentation. In attachment to that, when using a theme or template for a design, it should be appropriate to the audience. Therefore, a layout should be straightforward and clean if the design is aimed for business and if aimed the audience to be young children, it should be full of colors and variety of shapes (Courses Surveys, 1977).The number of slides should be limited to ensure that the presentation will not be as well as long and drawn out. This prevents the problem of continually changing the slides during the presentation which can be a mismanagement to the audience or viewers. For the presentation to be effective and more attracting there should be a crew of photos, charts, graphs and even embedded digitalized video with text to add variety and keep the presentation interested to the viewers.In addition, excessive use of animation and transition should be avoided. This is because the audience can be distracted by too much of the transitions and animation bearing in mind that slide shows is meant to be a optic aid but not a focus of the presentation. Also animation should be consistent in the presentation by using of animation schemes and the same transitions should be used throughout the presentation (Courses Surveys, 1977).Finally, the designer or rather the presenter should make sure that his/her presentation can run on some(prenominal) computers. This can be done by using PowerPoints package for CD or lease and Go features when burning the presentation to CD. This will aid the presentation to be viewed by much audience. summarily therefore, an effective and efficient presentation is usually planned, organized, and tailored to a specific audience to help facilitate the behavior change, desired by the presenter.Presentations always engage face-to-face communication and can be make on a one-to-one basis or can be given to a in truth large group (Courses Surveys, 1977).ReferencesCourses, E. Surveys, T. (1977) The Co mputer for the Professional Effective Presentations Microsoft PowerPoint tutorial, Preparing Presentation Slides Tutorial, Presenting Effective Charts and Graphs Tutorial, and 8 Secrets to a grievous Business Presentation, New York Prentice Hall.

The Impact Of Social Policies On Wellness Essay Example for Free

The Impact Of hearty Policies On Wellness EssayThe continual interdependence of states in global economic relations has necessitated debates on surroundal, health and social related issues, making adoption and executions of policies the remedy for the various shortcomings in various sectors. Since policies atomic number 18 at the core of addressing major issues, the efficiency of health policies are affected by poverty, level of facts of life and socio-economic status. (Leigh 20041-2)The impact of global policies on health, nonetheless has improved the quality of life, as more awareness is been mounted, the wellness Impact Assessment (HIA) stands as a tool for measuring the impact of global and ordinary policies on health. This cuts across environment, health, gender issues, and the continual relevance of policies has been seen in the EUs adoption of policies to protect the environment and health. (Samuel Kefee 2007 1-4)The role of governments stemming from the Federal gover nments still depends on adoption and execution of policies, the other tiers of government should work on board the policies and ensure efficiency of services. The impact of Medicaid and other non-governmental organisations shows the role of networking and cooperation towards achieving efficiency and service delivery. The impact of health issues on welfare has refocused the direction of policies towards the health and environmental sectors.More funding needs to be directed at the Medicare services. The arguments of state welfarism and health have resulted in arguments of the best way to manage the welfare of citizens. The role of public or social policy in addressing the health, environmental and other issues is however crucial, the recent trend of pediatric obesity is associated with the United States Culture of consumption of energy dense foods and less exercise. ( Krishnamoorthy, etal 2006 1-5) A need to procedure around the whole situation requires effective policies and execut ion.

Feudalism and New Social Order Essay Example for Free

feudal system and New Social Order EssayPolitical turmoil and ceaseless warfare led to the rise of the European feudalism, a political and frugal system establish on land ownership and personal loyalty. During the Middle Ages invaders raised havoc all over Europe, and as a result mountain looked at local leaders for protection, causing kings to lose political power. A bare-assed social order was set up as well as a different economic system. Feudalism changed the economic, social, and political systems severely, and made the way we know the Middle Ages in Europe today. From ab unwrap 800 to super C invasions tore apart Europe. Vikings terrorized locals with fearsome raids, Magyars outrageed and captured locals to sell as slaves, and Muslims were out to crucify and settle Europe. The Vikings came from Scandinavia by bulky ships that held up to 300 hundred warriors. These huge ships had 72 oars and held tons in weight, yet could still designate through waters as shallow as 3 feet, making it easier for them to invade inland villages and monasteries. The Vikings carried out with terrifying speeds. Their approach was to beach their ships and get what they wanted then leave. The Magyars invaded sometime in the late 800s.They were erratic muckle that attacked from the east from what is now Hungary. They were excellent horsemen and attacked isolated villages and monasteries. The Muslims struck from North Africa. Since they were superb seafarers they were able to attack settlements on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. In the 600s and 700s there goal was to strictly conquer and settle. By the 800s and 900s they added plunder to their goals. Kings couldnt effectively defend all the lands from these invasions, causing people to no longer look to a central ruler for protection. Local rulers who had their own armies gained political energy and power. During 850 to 950, the time of the worst years of the invaders attacks, agreements were made all over Eur ope to ensure security, thus, the start of feudalism.Feudalism structured society creating a pyramid of power and defined social classes. The feudal system was based on rights and obligation, so a passe-partout granted land to a vassal in put back for military protection. It all dep cease on the control of land. The structure of feudal society was much like a pyramid. The pyramid determined a persons power. At the tip top was the king, then came church building officials and nobles. Beneath them were the knights. Knights pledged to defend their lords land in exchange for fiefs. At the very bottom were the peasants. This feudal system enabled a cash-poor notwithstanding land-rich lord to support a military force. But, in the end, the people were sort out into only three different groups those who fought (nobles and knights), those who prayed (people of the church), and those who worked (peasants).The social class you received was usually inherited. During the Middle Ages, the maj ority of people were peasants, and most peasants were serfs. Serfs could non lawfully leave the land they were born on, but werent slaves because their lord could not buy or sell them, but whatever their labor produced belonged to the lord. Feudalism had an economic side as well, the manorial system. The manor system was the basic economic arrangement during the middle ages. It as well rest on a set of rights and obligations, but between lords and serfs. Lords provided serfs with housing, farmland, and protection from bandits and in return serfs tended the lords lands and all other tasks needed to maintain the estate. All peasants owed the lord certain duties, whether theyre a serf or not. Usually it was a few days a week of labor and a peck of the grain.But generally, peasants didnt within 25 miles of their own manor. They could walk out into the middle of the field and test their whole world. A manor covered about a few square miles of land, and it usually had the lords manor house, a church, and workshops. Typically, 15 to 30 families awake(p)s in the village on a manor. To live on the lords land all peasants paid a hefty price. They had to pay a tax on all grain ground in the lords mill and a marriage tax to the lord. Plus a church tax to the priest. Due to the turmoil and constant warfare brought about by the invaders, a new political and economic system had emerged and made its mark.Feudalism ended the dark ages of European history by introducing order to the common persons life. it might not have been pretty, but feudalism helped restore order and a sense of community/lawfulness to the areas it was embraced by.